Power is transmitted from the transaxle to the wheels through a pair of axle shafts, with the inner end splined into the differential side gear and the outer ends splined to the axle hubs, secured by a large locknut. The inner ends feature sliding constant velocity joints that allow both angular and axial motion; automatic transaxle models and 2013 and later manual transaxle models use a "tri-pot" inner joint, while 2006 and earlier manual transaxle models utilize a "ball-and-cage" type. These inner joints can be disassembled and cleaned if a boot failure occurs, but damaged parts require replacement as a unit. The outer CV joints are of the "ball-and-cage" type, permitting angular movement but not axial movement, and should be cleaned, inspected, and repacked during boot replacement, though they cannot be disassembled. If damaged, the outer joint must be replaced along with the axle shaft, as they are sold as a single component. Regular inspection of the boots for damage and leaking lubricant is essential, as torn CV joint boots necessitate immediate replacement to prevent joint damage. Boot replacement requires axle shaft removal, although some auto parts stores offer "split" type replacement boots that can be installed without removing the axle shaft, serving as a temporary fix. Ultimately, the axle shaft must be removed, and the CV joint disassembled and cleaned to eliminate contaminants that accelerate wear. Common symptoms of worn or damaged CV joints include lubricant leaks, clicking noises during turns, clunks when accelerating after coasting, and vibrations at highway speeds. To check for wear, grasp each axle individually and rotate it in both directions while holding the CV joint housings, feeling for play that indicates worn splines or sloppy joints, and inspect the axle shafts for cracks, dents, and distortion.
